On the right side, click “Start aRTs server on KDE startup”. Click Test Sound. You should hear the KDE startup sound. Testing sound in XMMS. To play the built-in demonstration music file: Click the CD-ROM icon for your Knoppix CD. Click the “Demos” folder. Click the “Audio” folder. Click the “opensource.ogg” file. Edit Ogg Vorbis, MP3, and WAV sound files. Sound repair Free Download,Sound repair Software Collection Download. Knoppix 5.3.1 sound cards. Edit Ogg Vorbis, MP3, and WAV sound files. CD Start-It is a versatile. Reduce Noise, Sound Editor. Sysadmins will enjoy the startup service. Free Download Mini-Pentoo 2006.1. During the startup process.

“There is only one satisfying way to boot a computer.” -- J. H. Goldfuss

Overview[edit]

This section explains the bootup options for Knoppix. Use these options to fine-tune Knoppix for your hardware and speed it up.

Enabling DMA[edit]

The first and foremost way to make Knoppix run faster that almost everyone can use is to enable DMA. It stands for Direct Memory Access. It improves the speed of hard disk drives and it can also help CD-ROM drives. DMA is not supported on all computers, so Knoppix turns it off by default. To enable DMA, add 'dma' to your boot command, for example:

To test the speed of the hard disk drive, click the Knoppix menu, choose “Root Shell” and enter:

Replace “hda” with the device name of your hard drive appropriately. After a pause of about 3 seconds, you will get a little report that will tell you how fast your hard drive reads data. DMA makes a pretty big difference. For example, look at these sample test results:

Drive	Without DMA	With DMA
Seagate Barracuda 7200 RPM IDE	8.5 MB/sec	26.8 Mb/sec

If you only have a single CD drive[edit]

Knoppix takes over your CD drive and you can't eject it during your session. What if you want to use the CD drive for something else? For example, you may want to create CDs using a CD-ReWritable drive. If you only have one CD drive, this will be a problem.

Luckily, there is a solution. It is possible to run Knoppix from a hard drive or RAM, freeing up the CD drive for other tasks.

Transferring to a hard disk partition[edit]

Transferring to a hard disk partition means copying the CD contents onto a hard disk. This is called “copying the CD image”. Once this is done, Knoppix starts in the normal way but from the hard drive instead the CD-ROM drive.

This gives improved performance, because hard disk drives are generally much faster than CD-ROM drives. It also frees up your CD-ROM drive for other tasks. It does not affect the existing files on the hard drive. All it does is use up hard drive space, which can be reclaimed later.

To transfer to a hard disk partition, you need:

• An MS-DOS-, FAT-, or Linux-formatted hard disk partition.
  NTFS (native Windows NT/2000/XP) partitions cannot be used.
• At least 700 Mb free space on the partition.

At the boot prompt, enter this command. Replace “device” with the device name of the hard disk partition that you want to use.

For example, suppose you have Windows 98. You probably have Windows installed on the first partition of the primary master IDE drive. In this case, use:

Knoppix will start from CD, copy itself to the specified device and then continue loading from there. You can then take the Knoppix CD out of the drive.

Re-using an existing image[edit]

You only need to copy the CD image to the hard disk once. Next time, you can read back from the hard disk, without having to copy the CD image again.

At the boot prompt, enter this command. Replace “device” with the device name of the hard disk partition where the Knoppix CD image is located.

For example:

Knoppix will start from CD, pick up the CD image from the specified device and continue loading. You can then take the Knoppix CD out of the drive.

Deleting the image[edit]

In Windows, remove the “KNOPPIX” directory from the hard drive using Windows Explorer. This will give back the hard drive space occupied by the CD image.

Transferring to RAM[edit]

If you have 828 Mb or more of RAM, you can copy the Knoppix CD image to RAM. After an initial wait, transferring to RAM gives dramatically improved performance, and the Knoppix CD is not needed. You need 828 Mb of RAM because the first 700 Mb is used for the CD image. The remaining 128 Mb is used for the system and applications.

At the boot prompt, enter this command:

Knoppix will start from CD, transfer the CD image to RAM, and continue loading. Once transfer to RAM has completed, you can take the Knoppix CD out of the drive.

More hardware options[edit]

These options let you fine-tune Knoppix for your particular hardware. They can be combined in any order. For example, to start Knoppix with the US language/keyboard, a wheel mouse, a screen resolution of 800x600 and Direct Memory Access (DMA) enabled for hard drives, type this at the boot prompt:

Knoppix assumes you have a laptop. It starts up with PCMCIA (credit card adapter) interface support enabled by default. If you have a desktop computer, rather than a laptop, you can improve performance slightly by typing the “nopcmcia” option at the boot prompt. For example, to start the computer with the US locale, a wheel mouse, a screen resolution of 1024x768, and no PCMCIA:

Other options[edit]

• noswap — The system won't use the hard disk for swapping. This is useful for when the hard disk is out of order, or if a user wishes to prevent an existing hard drive from a potentially heavy workload. This move would then make Knoppix only use RAM memory. With Knoppix 6 and 7, the minimum required RAM with the CD version to run graphical apps is 1 gigabyte. This allows to simultaneously run X, up to five tabs in Iceweasel, and one module of LibreOffice. 2 Gb of RAM is recommended, and should be the minimum amount with DVD versions of Knoppix 7 and greater.
• no3d — Switches off fancy graphics.
• psmouse.proto=imps — This reports the pointer device as an imps mouse. It can be used, if work with certain Synaptics touchpads is erratic, but does not solve the issue.

If you have less than 128 Mb RAM[edit]

After loading the kernel and the base system, Knoppix looks to see how much RAM is left. The kernel and the base system takes about 20 Mb of RAM. The remainder is called free RAM, or available RAM.

Knoppix checks to see if there is a Linux swap partition available. You may have a swap partition if you have previously installed Linux on the hard disk. If so, Knoppix will use the existing swap partition automatically.

If there is less than 80,000 Kb free RAM, Knoppix will prompt you to create a swap file. A swap file lets you use part of the hard disk as if it were RAM.

This trick lets you run Knoppix in full, even when you have less than 128 Mb RAM. For example, it is possible to run Knoppix successfully on a computer with only 64 Mb of RAM. However, you pay a performance penalty, because swap is much slower than physical RAM.

To create a swap file, you need a hard disk with at least one partition that is formatted with the FAT filesystem. NTFS formatted partitions cannot be used.

1. Start Knoppix in the usual way.
   
2. You will get a message that says, “There are only X Kb of RAM available in your computer”.
3. Press Enter.
4. Knoppix will search for an available FAT formatted partition. If there is more than one, Knoppix will choose the last available partition. You will be asked if you want to create a swap file on the partition that Knoppix has selected.
   
5. Using the arrow keys on the keyboard, choose “Yes”, then press Enter.
6. You will be asked how big a swap file you want to create. You need a swap file that is large enough to take the free RAM + swap file total to at least 80,000 Kb.
7. Type the size of the swap file you wish to create. In this example, it says there is 49,152 Kb of physical RAM free. The suggested swap file size of 60 Mb will bring the free total to 108 Mb.
   
8. Press Enter.
9. Wait for a moment while Knoppix creates the swap file.
   
10. Press Enter to continue loading Knoppix.

Tip

Next time you start Knoppix, it will detect and use the swap file automatically.

To remove the swap file and reclaim the disk space it occupies, exit Knoppix, start Windows, then delete the file called “knoppix.swp” using Windows Explorer.

KNOPPIX 8.1.0 Public Release

Also see article about the older Knoppix 8.0/CeBIT Edition on --> Golem.de

A lot of thanks for intense testing, hints and bugreports go to the participants of the Austrian Knoppix Days 2017 and the Linux User Group Hamburg Team, your feedback and bugfixes have been integrated into the public 8.1 release!

Contents

• Version 8.1 of KNOPPIX is based on the usual picks from Debian stable (stretch), testing (buster) and unstable (sid) for newer graphics drivers or desktop software packages. It uses Linux kernel 4.12.7 and Xorg 7.7 (core 1.19.3) for supporting current computer hardware.
  
• Kernel Patches: cloop, aufs, TCP Stealth.
• Both 32bit and 64bit kernel supporting both old and new computers, the 64bit version also supporting systems with more than 4GB of RAM and chroot to 64-bit installations for system rescue tasks. The bootloader will start the 64bit kernel automatically if a 64bit-capable CPU is detected (if not manually specified otherwise).
• For Computers that can only start from CD, not from DVD or USB flash pen, a tiny bootable CD image has been placed in the 'KNOPPIX' folder, which can be burned and used together with the full USB or DVD version in order to start on old computers.
• New in 8.1:
  • BFQ (Budget Fair Queue Scheduler), now included in the standard kernel within the multipath scheduler, austomatically activated for slow disks,
  • Kernel and system software (Debian stretch+buster) updated,
  • LibreOffice 5.4.1, Gimp 2.8.20
  • Chromium 60.0.3112.78 and Firefox (ex Iceweasel) 55 Web Browser with ublock Origin and NoScript Security-Plugin (--> Firefox no longer supports sound, check 'bugs' section)
  • Automatic expansion of overlay partition on USB flash pen without reboot (!) after 1:1 copy of ISO hybrid image on USB flash pen (see New hybrid layout),
  • Personal remastering option when copying to USB flash pen using flash-knoppix
  • New programs: etherape (graphical network monitor), archivemount, terminator (terminal emulator with many features),
  • Mathematical software maxima 5.40, also integrated as live session in Texmacs,
  • New version of 3D window manager compiz 0.9.13.1,
  • LXDE (Default) with filemanager PCMANFM 1.2.5, KDE 5.8 (boot option knoppix desktop=kde), GNOME 3.24 (boot option knoppix desktop=gnome, DVD version only),
  • Wine version 2.0.0 (git) for integration of Windows (TM) based programs,
  • qemu-kvm 2.8 for (para-)virtualization.
  • electrum 2.7.9 for managing Bitcoin Wallets,
  • tiny 'boot only' CD image inside the 'KNOPPIX' directory for computers that can only boot from CD, but not from DVD or USB flash drive,

New partition layout

Hybrid DVD or USB Flash disk (Original.iso)

Partition	Size	File system	Content
1	4GB	iso9660 (ro)	Compressed Knoppix-filesystem (KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX*), Bootfiles, Info
2	20MB	FAT32	EFI-Bootloader and boot files (copy). Invisible on DVD
3	4MB	Reiserfs	Empty Linux file system which, in case of a writable medium, will automatically get expanded to maximal available size and is used as writable overlay. Invisible on DVD.

With the new Hybrid layout of the ISO file, the file can be copied directly to USB flash disk, either using standard Linux tools like dd or cp, or programs like Win32 DIsk Imager. In this case, the first partition is read-only because of the iso9660 file system. Because od that, boot options cannot be changed permanently.

Example:
dd if=KNOPPIX_V8.1-2017-09-05-EN.iso of=/dev/sdb bs=1M

A better way of installing, is using --> flash-knoppix, which will create the simpler and writable layout with one FAT32 and one Linux partition on USB flash pen. Optionally, a personal remastering can be chosen in version 8.1.

UEFI Secure Boot

KNOPPIX 8.1 generally supports booting in UEFI and Secure Boot after installation on USB flash disk. But in order to use this feature, an entry in the UEFI firmware is necessary at first boot attempt. --> Find quick instructions here.

She then accepted an offer to be a part of a television show produced by, after being convinced by her friend, actress. However her marriage fell apart and she became addicted to taking drugs as a result of her husband's addiction, which made it difficult for her to re-enter the film industry after her divorce in 1996. After undergoing a rehabilitation process, she chose to continue her education in computer science and joined to work with the in 1997 and prioritised her work as a software engineer.

Special Feature 'Everything 3D'

• OpenScad - 3D construction without drawing skills
• Slic3r - G-Code printing preparation for 3D models
• Blender^*) - extensive 3D modelling and animation program
• Freecad^*) - Draw 3D models

^*)Because of space considerations, included inside the second overlay image KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX1

Known bugs in version 8.1

• Because of a controversal design decision of its developers, the popular Firefox web browser ceased to support direct audio playing under Linux starting from version 52. An error message displaying on pages like youtube, suggesting to install 'pulseaudio' (which is already installed), is misleading and provides no solution. More about this at the Mozilla bugtracking pages at: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1345661.
  Workaround: The Chromium web browser, like all other programs using sound in Knoppix excepting Firefox now, does not have this problem and is therefore now set as default browser in the LXDE desktop menu starting from Knoppix version 8.1.

ADRIANE

A.D.R.I.A.N.E. (Audio Desktop Reference Implementation And Networking Environment) is a talking menu system, which is supposed to make work and internet access easier for computer beginners, even if they have no sight contact to the computers monitor. A graphical environment with also talking programs and arbitrary magnification using compiz, is another option.

Booting from Flash

In order to create a bootable USB-medium (memory flashdisk, SD-card, digital camera with USB connector, cellphone with microSD, ..), the program flash-knoppix can be started from a running KNOPPIX system. This program installs all needed KNOPPIX files onto the FAT-formatted flashdisk, and creates a boot record for it. If desired, the target medium can be partitioned and formatted, or left in its inistal state, so that existing files stay intact. The KNOPPIX Live System starts and runs about factor 5 faster from USB flash disk than from CD or DVD!

After having copied the system to flash, using the persistent KNOPPIX image (overlay feature) or an additional Linux partition, it is possible to also store files permanently in live mode. That way, personal settings and additionally installed programs survive a reboot.

Update: Computers without DVD drive

The flash-knoppix script since Knoppix 7.4.0 supports on-the-fly conversion of a DVD ISO image for direct flashing of a USB pendrive or disk. By using this, the intermediate step of burning a DVD and booting from it, can be skipped. For burning a CD or DVD, only one single .iso file matching your language and version choice, is sufficient.For using this feature, just add the name of the .iso file as commandline parameter to flash-knoppix like this:flash-knoppix KNOPPIX_V8.1DVD-2017-09-05-EN.iso

Boot options and controls

Overview of the most important functions. A complete description and listing of shortcuts can be found in the configurations of sbl, orca and compiz.

Boot options (can be entered in the startup screen)

ADRIANE navigation in text mode
Navigation with compiz and orca in graphics mode

Micro-Remastering

Boot options like 'adriane' can easily be preset by changing syslinux.cfg after having copied the CD to a bootable memorystick using 'flash-knoppix':

Change the upper line
DEFAULT auto
to:
DEFAULT adriane

for automatically starting ADRIANE on boot. This is already default in all ADRIANE iso files.

Availability

KNOPPIX 8.1 / ADRIANE 1.7 is availablefor download via Bittorrent and from the usual KNOPPIX mirror sites.